St. John XXIII (1881–1963), born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, was the 261st pope of the Catholic Church, serving from 1958 until his death in 1963. Known as the “Good Pope,” he is celebrated for his humility, pastoral warmth, and vision for a renewed Church. Here are some key aspects of his life and pontificate:
Early Life and Ministry Born: November 25, 1881, in Sotto il Monte, Bergamo, Italy, into a humble farming family. Education: Studied at the Pontifical Roman Seminary and was ordained a priest in 1904. Diplomatic Career: Served as a papal diplomat in Bulgaria, Turkey, and France, where he worked to foster relations between Catholics and other Christian communities, as well as with Muslims and Jews. Papacy (1958–1963) Election: Elected pope on October 28, 1958, at age 76, many expected his pontificate to be transitional. Instead, it became transformative. Second Vatican Council (Vatican II): Convened the council in 1962, seeking to renew the Church and engage it with the modern world. His vision was one of aggiornamento (bringing up to date) while remaining faithful to tradition. Social Teachings: Promoted peace and social justice, most notably through his encyclical Pacem in Terris (1963), which addressed peace and human rights in the nuclear age. Key Themes and Legacy Pastoral Approach: Known for his kindness, accessibility, and emphasis on the Church as a motherly and merciful presence. Dialogue: Encouraged dialogue with other Christian denominations and religions. Canonization: Declared a saint by Pope Francis on April 27, 2014, alongside St. John Paul II. St. John XXIII is affectionately remembered for his human warmth and visionary leadership, leaving an indelible mark on the Catholic Church and the world. His feast day is October 11, commemorating the opening of the Second Vatican Council.
St. Drogo of Sebourg, also known as Druon, Dreux, Dron, Droon, or Drogon, was a Flemish hermit and pilgrim who lived in the 12th century. Born on March 14, 1105, in Epinoy, France, he is known for his piety, charity, and devotion to prayer.
Key Highlights of His Life Early Life: Drogo was born into nobility but became an orphan at birth. Raised by relatives, he chose a life of poverty and penance at the age of 20, giving away his wealth to the poor1.
Shepherd and Hermit: He worked as a shepherd for six years, using his time in solitude for prayer and penance. His skills in caring for animals and his charitable nature earned him the respect and affection of those around him1.
Pilgrimages: Despite his relative obscurity, Drogo was known for his frequent pilgrimages, reportedly visiting Rome nine times and other holy sites in France and Italy.
Bilocation: It was rumored that Drogo had the gift of bilocation, being seen in multiple places at once. This led to the saying, “I’m not Saint Drogo; I can’t ring the church bell for Mass and be in the procession!”1
Final Years: Due to a hernia, Drogo built a small cell against the church wall in Sebourg, where he lived out his final years, continuing his devotion and receiving food and water from those seeking his prayers.
Patronages and Legacy Saint Drogo is the patron saint of shepherds, coffee house keepers, and unattractive people. His feast day is celebrated on April 16, the day of his death in 1186. He is venerated for his humility, charity, and dedication to a life of prayer and service.
Early Life: Philip was born in Bethsaida, Galilee, a town by the Sea of Galilee. He was originally a follower of John the Baptist before becoming a disciple of Jesus.
Introduction of Nathanael: Philip is known for bringing Nathanael (often identified with Bartholomew) to Jesus. Nathanael was skeptical at first but became a believer after meeting Jesus2.
Miracles: Philip was present during several miracles, including the Feeding of the 5,000. Jesus tested Philip by asking him how to feed the multitude. This led to the miraculous multiplication of loaves and fishes2.
Missionary Work: After Jesus’ resurrection and ascension, Philip is believed to have preached in regions like Greece, Syria, and Phrygia. He played a significant role in spreading Christianity to the Greek-speaking world2.
Martyrdom: According to tradition, Philip was martyred for his faith. He is said to have been crucified upside down in Heliopolis, Egypt, around 54 A.D. His feast day is celebrated on May 3rd in the Western Christian tradition. It is celebrated on November 14th in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Philip’s legacy is one of dedication and faith, and he is venerated in various Christian denominations.
Early Life and Inspiration: Paul Danei was born into a devout Catholic family. He exhibited a deep spiritual fervor from a young age. He was particularly moved by the Passion of Christ, the suffering and death of Jesus. This intense devotion inspired him to dedicate his life to spreading the message of God’s love through the Passion.
Founding of the Passionist Order: In 1720, Paul had a series of mystical experiences and visions. He felt a divine calling to found a religious order. He retreated into a period of solitude and prayer. During this time, he wrote the rule for the new congregation. He also designed its distinctive habit—a black robe with a heart and cross emblem. The Passionists’ mission was to focus on preaching about the Passion of Christ. They meditated on it, living lives of contemplation, poverty, and humility.
Apostolic Work and Spiritual Legacy Paul traveled extensively across Italy, preaching and establishing Passionist communities. He became renowned for his powerful sermons, which deeply moved his audiences and drew many to a more profound faith. His spiritual writings, including letters and meditations, continue to inspire Christians worldwide.
Recognition and Canonization Paul’s holiness and the impact of his work led to his veneration even during his lifetime. He died on October 18, 1775, and was buried in Rome. Paul of the Cross was beatified in 1853 and canonized on June 29, 1867, by Pope Pius IX. His feast day is celebrated on October 19th. He is honored as one of the great mystics and spiritual teachers of the Catholic Church.
Passionist Spirituality The Passionist order remains active today. Members continue Paul’s mission by reflecting on the Passion of Christ. They also preach about it. Passionists work in parishes, retreat centers, and mission fields. They help individuals deepen their spiritual lives. This is achieved through contemplation and understanding of Christ’s sufferings.
Paul of the Cross’s life and teachings emphasize the power of meditation on the Passion. It serves as a means to grow closer to God. It also helps find strength in the face of personal suffering.
St. Timothy was an early Christian evangelist and a trusted companion of St. Paul the Apostle. He was born in Lystra (modern-day Turkey) to a Greek father and a Jewish-Christian mother, Eunice. His grandmother, Lois, was also noted for her piety, and both women played an important role in teaching Timothy the Scriptures from a young age.
St. Paul met Timothy during his second missionary journey and was so impressed by his faith and dedication that he invited him to join him in spreading the Gospel. Timothy became a close associate of Paul, accompanying him on many of his missions and serving as an emissary to various early Christian communities. Paul referred to Timothy as his “beloved and faithful child in the Lord” and “his true son in the faith,” highlighting the deep spiritual bond they shared.
Timothy was instrumental in the leadership of the early Church and was appointed by Paul to oversee the Christian community in Ephesus. He received two epistles (1 Timothy and 2 Timothy) from Paul, which are part of the New Testament and provide guidance on pastoral duties, church leadership, and maintaining sound doctrine.
Tradition holds that Timothy remained a faithful leader in Ephesus until his death. He is believed to have been martyred around the year 97 AD under the Roman emperor Domitian, after protesting a pagan festival in the city.
St. Timothy is venerated as a saint in both the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic traditions, and his feast day is celebrated on January 26. He is the patron saint of those who suffer from stomach ailments, possibly referencing Paul’s advice in 1 Timothy 5:23 about using a little wine for his health.
St. Francis of Paola (1416-1507) was an Italian friar and the founder of the Order of Minims³⁴. Known for his deep humility and ascetic lifestyle, he was never ordained a priest but dedicated his life to prayer, penance, and helping others. His order emphasized extreme humility and abstinence, including refraining from meat, eggs, and dairy products⁴.
Born in Paola, Calabria, he became a hermit at a young age and later attracted followers who joined him in his austere way of life³. St. Francis is also remembered for his miracles, many of which were related to the sea, earning him the patronage of Italian seamen⁴.
Imagine that your biography was written by an enemy of yours. And that its information was all anyone would have not only for the rest of your life but for centuries to come. You would never be able to refute it — and even if you couldno one would believe you because your accuser was a saint.
That is the problem we face with Pope Callistus I who died about 222. The only story of his life we have is from someone who hated him and what he stood for, an author identified as Saint Hippolytus, a rival candidate for the chair of Peter. What had made Hippolytus so angry? Hippolytus was very strict and rigid in his adherence to rules and regulations. The early Church had been very rough on those who committed sins of adultery, murder, and fornication. Hippolytus was enraged by the mercy that Callistus showed to these repentant sinners, allowing them back into communion of the Church after they had performed public penance. Callistus’ mercy was also matched by his desire for equality among Church members, manifested by his acceptance of marraiges between free people and slaves. Hippolytus saw all of this as a degradation of the Church, a submission to lust and licentiousness that reflected not mercy and holiness in Callistus but perversion and fraud.
Trying to weed out the venom to find the facts of Callistus’ life in Hippolytus’ account, we learn that Callistus himself was a slave (something that probably did not endear him to class-conscious Hippolytus). His master, Carporphorus made him manager of a bank in the Publica Piscina sector of Rome where Callistus took in the money of other Christians. The bank failed — according to Hippolytus because Callistus spent the money on his own pleasure-seeking. It seems unlikely that Carporphorus would trust his good name and his fellow Christians’ savings to someone that unreliable.
Whatever the reason, Callistus fled the city by ship in order to escape punishment. When his master caught up with him, Callistus jumped into the sea (according to Hippolytus, in order to commit suicide). After Callistus was rescued he was brought back to Rome, put on trial, and sentenced to a cruel punishment — forced labor on the treadmill. Carporphorus took pity on his former slave and manager and Callistus won his release by convincing him he could get some of the money back from investors. (This seems to indicate, in spite of Hippolytus’ statements, that the money was not squandered but lent or invested unwisely.) Callistus’ methods had not improved with desperation and when he disrupted a synagogue by shouting for money, he was arrested and sentenced again.
This time he was sent to the mines. Other Christians who had been sentenced there because of their religion were released by negotiations between the emperor and the Pope (with the help of the emperor’s mistress who was friendly toward Christians). Callistus accidentally wound up on the same list with the persecuted brothers and sisters. (Hippolytus reports that this was through extortion and connniving on Callistus’ part.) Apparently, everyone, including the Pope, realized Callistus did not deserve his new freedom but unwilling to carry the case further the Pope gave Callistus an income and situation — away from Rome. (Once again, this is a point for suspecting Hippolytus’ account. If Callistus was so despicable and untrustworthy why provide him with an income and a situation? Leaving him free out of pity is one thing, but giving money to a convicted criminal and slave is another. There must have been more to the story.)
About nine or ten years later, the new pope Zephyrinus recalled Callistus to Rome. Zephyrinus was good-hearted and well-meaning but had no understanding of theology. This was disastrous in a time when heretical beliefs were springing up everywhere. One minute Zephyrinus would endorse a belief he thought orthodox and the next he would embrace the opposite statement. Callistus soon made his value known, guiding Zephyrinus through theology to what he saw as orthodoxy. (Needless to say it was not what Hippolytus felt was orthodox enough.) To a certain extent, according to Hippolytus, Callistus was the power behind the Church before he even assumed the bishopric of Rome.
When Zephyrinus died in 219, Callistus was proclaimed pope over the protests of his rival candidate Hippolytus. He seemed to have as strong a hatred of heresy as Hippolytus, however, because he banished one of the heretics named Sabellius.
Callistus came to power during a crucial time of the Church. Was it going to hang on to the rigid rules of previous years and limit itself to those who were already saints or was it going to embrace sinners as Christ commanded? Was its mission only to a few holy ones or to the whole world, to the healthy or to the sick? We can understand Hippolytus’ fear — that hypocritical penitents would use the Church and weaken it in the time when they faced persecution. But Callistus chose to trust God’s mercy and love and opened the doors. By choosing Christ’s mission, he chose to spread the Gospel to all.
Pope Callistus is listed as a martyr but we have no record of how he was martyred or by whom. There were no official persecutions at the time, but he may well have been killed in riots against Christians.
As sad as it is to realize that the only story we have of his life is by an enemy, it is glorious to see in it the fact that the Church is large enough not only to embrace sinners and saints, but to proclaim two people saints who hold such wildly opposing views and to elect a slave and an alleged ex-convict to guide the whole Church. There’s hope for all of us then!
St. John Baptist de La Salle was born in 1651, in Reims, France. He was the eldest son of wealthy parents. At the age of eleven, La Salle was committed becoming a priest. At the age of sixteen, he was named Canon of Reims Cathedral. At the age of eighteen, he received a master’s degree in classical literature and arts, as well as philosophy.
Sadly, La Salle’s parents died within a year of each other in 1671 and 1672. La Salle had to manage his parent’s estate which included educating his four brothers and two sisters. Once this was done, he was ordained to the priesthood on April 9, 1678. He was 26 years old. He continued his studies until he received his doctorate in theology.
During this time, La Salle also worked with the Sisters of the Child Jesus to educate girls, serving as chaplain and confessor for their school. While performing this work, he met Adrian Nyel, who was himself a supervisor of teachers at a boys school in Reims. Through Nyel, a wealthy woman asked La Salle to be involved with the endowment of a new school for poor children. She provided the money, as long as La Salle agreed to help run the school.
La Salle gradually became preoccupied with work at the new school. He was aware that teachers needed training and direction, and that the children had few opportunities for success. He calculated that if he lent his talents to the school, and worked with both teachers and students, he could improve their lives.
La Salle worked with the teachers to educate them and teach them manners. He invited them to live in his home where he provided them with direction. This made them more effective with the students, and in turn improved outcomes for them.
There was a larger problem. Poverty was widespread in France during this time, and few families could afford to educate their children. La Salle felt the best way to approach this problem would be to establish a community devoted to the education of children, regardless of their ability to pay. He resigned his post as Canon at the Cathedral, left his comfortable family home to live with the teachers, and established the Brothers of the Christians Schools.
Surprisingly, this approach brought resistance from both the secular education system and the Church. The Church was initially opposed to the foundation of an order committed to education, and the secular educators were opposed to the elimination of tuition. They felt it would reduce the prices people would be willing to pay them.
Nonetheless, La Salle was successful. He even expanded his school to offer teaching to young men.
In 1685, La Salle established the first school for the training of educators in Reims.
La Salle worked as an educator all his life. He lived until 1719, when he died on April 7, which happened to be Good Friday.
La Salle was beatified by Pope Leo XIII on February 19, 1888 and canonized by him on May 24, 1900. His feast day is April 7. He is the patron saint of all educators.
St. John was born at Capistrano, Italy in 1385, the son of a former German knight in that city. He studied law at the University of Perugia and practiced as a lawyer in the courts of Naples. King Ladislas of Naples appointed him governor of Perugia. During a war with a neighboring town he was betrayed and imprisoned. Upon his release he entered the Franciscan community at Perugia in 1416. He and St. James of the March were fellow students under St. Bernardine of Siena, who inspired him to institute the devotion to the holy Name of Jesus and His Mother. John began his brilliant preaching apostolate with a deacon in 1420. After his ordination he traveled throughout Italy, Germany, Bohemia, Austria, Hungary, Poland, and Russia preaching penance and establishing numerous communities of Franciscan renewal. When Mohammed II was threatening Vienna and Rome, St. John, at the age of seventy, was commissioned by Pope Callistus III to preach and lead a crusade against the invading Turks. Marching at the head of seventy thousand Christians, he gained victory in the great battle of Belgrade against the Turks in 1456. Three months later he died at Illok, Hungary. His feast day is October 23. He is the patron of jurists.
Known in Ireland as Coemgen as well as St. Kevin, according to tradition he was born at the Fort of the White Fountain in Leinster, Ireland, of royal descent. He was baptized by St. Cronan and educated by St. Petroc. He was ordained, and became a hermit at the Valley of the Two Lakes in Glendalough. After seven years there, he was persuaded to give up his solitary life. He went to Disert-Coemgen, where he founded a monastery for the disciples he attracted, and later moved to Glendalough. He made a pilgrimage to Rome, bringing back many relics for his permanent foundation at Glendalough. He was a friend of St. Kieran of Clonmacnois, and was entrusted with the raising of the son of King Colman of Ui Faelain, by the king. Many extravagant miracles were attributed to Kevin, and he was reputed to be 120 years old at his death. His feast day is June 3rd.
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